| 摘要: | Background: The bio-incompatibility of peritoneal dialysate leads to peritoneal inflammation and fibrosis. However, the type of immune cells involving chronic inflammation and the interaction and coordination of each immune cell population during peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment remains unclear. Methods: PD samples from two early and two late PD patients were subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing analysis (scRNA-seq) and immune cell type identification. We further compared the hallmark pathways, cell trajectory, and cell-cell communications between early and late PD patients. Results: A total of 16,986 qualified cells were analyzed, and eight subtypes of immune cells were identified. Monocytes (˜55 %) dominated both early and late PD, followed by T cells (˜25 %) and mesothelial cells (˜12 %) in similar portions. Compared with those in early PD, there were more hematopoietic-like proliferating cells and conventional type 1 dendritic cells and fewer B cells, neutrophils, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in late PD. Among the four subsets of monocytes, inflammatory responses were enriched in early PD. All five T cell subtypes were at effector status and like monocytes, had more enriched inflammatory pathways in early PD, with epithelial and fibroblastic characteristics found in all four subtypes of mesothelial cells. Again, inflammation was enriched in early PD, while mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and fibrosis in late PD. Further trajectory analysis of mesothelial cells revealed two different cell fates, that is, more inflammatory responses and enriched in early PD, with more cell stress and apoptosis and enriched in late PD. Cell-cell interaction analysis showed a close and complicated linkage between monocytes and mesothelial cells. Conclusions: The dynamic changes in cellular composition during early and late PD identified by scRNA-seq might open new avenues for developing cell-based and antiinflammatory therapies. |
