The 198Au (half-life: 2.69 days) is a manufactured radioactive isotope that irradiates gamma photons (Eγ: 412 keV) and beta particles (Eβmax: 0.96 MeV ). This study demonstrates a one-pot/one-step to synthesize radioactive gold nanoparticles (RGNP)without using radioactive precursors and reducing agents. The precursor solution of gold ions is reduced into gold nanoparticles (size: 8.6-146 nm), and a particular portion of 197Au is converted to198Au, rendering the nanoparticles radioactive. Furthermore, we suggest using a combination of RGNP applied through convection-enhanced delivery (CED) and temozolomide (TMZ) through oral administration to treat glioblastoma-bearing xenografts. The mean survival for RGNP/TMZ treatment was (68.9±9.7 days) compared to that for standalone RGNP (38.4±2.2 days) or TMZ (42.8±2.5 days) therapies. Based on the verification of bioluminescence images (BLI), positron emission tomography (PET), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) inspection, the combination treatment demonstrates concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) of RGNP/TMZ successfully inhibiting the proliferation of glioblastoma.
