國家衛生研究院 NHRI:Item 3990099045/5320
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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://ir.nhri.org.tw/handle/3990099045/5320


    Title: Health impacts associated with the implementation of a national petrol-lead phase-out program (PLPOP): Evidence from Taiwan between 1981 and 2007
    Authors: Wu, WT;Tsai, PJ;Yang, YH;Yang, CY;Cheng, KF;Wu, TN
    Contributors: Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine
    Abstract: Background and objective: In 1981, a petrol-lead phase-out program (PLPOP) was launched in Taiwan for the abatement of environmental lead emissions. The present study was set out to examine whether the reduction of environmental lead emissions would result in the decrease in mortality rates of various diseases based on national data between 1981 and 2007. Method: The national mortality data were obtained from the Office of Statistics of the Taiwan Department of Health (Taiwan DOH). Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated based on 2000 WHO world standard population. Gasoline consumptions were obtained from the Bureau of Energy. Results: The mean blood lead levels (BLLs) had decreased dramatically from approximately 20.14 μg/dl in the leaded petrol phase to 3 μg/dl or lower in the unleaded petrol phase. From 1981 to 2007, the mortality (per 100,000 people) was decreased from 146.2 to 43.8 for cerebrovascular disease, from 85.3 to 44.4 for heart disease, from 35.4 to 6.6 for hypertensive disease, from 21.3 to 17.3 for nephrosis, and from 810.2 to 491.6 for all causes. By taking the confounders (including economic growth rate, per capita income, tobacco consumption, and medical resources) into account, the decreases in SMRs for all causes, cerebrovascular disease, and nephrosis were found to be highly correlated with the decrease in petrol lead emissions (p-values = 0.001, < 0.001, 0.020, respectively). Conclusion: Our results clearly show that the implementation of the PLPOP was associated with a decline in mortality rates in several diseases that have been associated with lead exposure, even after adjustment for a number of relevant confounders.
    Date: 2011-02
    Relation: Science of the Total Environment. 2011 Feb;409(5):863-867.
    Link to: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.11.024
    JIF/Ranking 2023: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=NHRI&SrcApp=NHRI_IR&KeyISSN=0048-9697&DestApp=IC2JCR
    Cited Times(WOS): https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000287345200001
    Cited Times(Scopus): http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?partnerID=HzOxMe3b&scp=78651437397
    Appears in Collections:[Others] Periodical Articles

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